七年级上下册和八年级（1~6）单元中考重点知识汇总
本人总结了七八年级的所有中考重点知识点，这是我把前几日发表的内容和八年级(1~6)单元的内容整理后发布，供大家使用。每个重点知识点配有例句，便于九年级学生复习使用。
七年级上册重点知识
1.Here is/are +名词：表示“这是……；这（儿）有……”，用于介绍或引入话题。
Here are our book.这是我们的书。
Here is your book. 这是你的书。
2. What / how about …? “……怎么样？” “……又如何呢？”。后接名词、代词或动名词。
向对方提出建议或征询对方的看法或意见。例如：
How about going out for a walk? 出去散散步好吗？
What about another cake? 再吃块蛋糕好吗？
3. thanks / thank you for．．．（后跟名词\\代词\\动词+ing）:因．．．．．．而感谢
Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。（help为动词）
Thanks for the photo of your family. 谢谢你的全家福照片。
4. some和any（一些） 1) some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句
①我需要一些笔记本。
②我没有书。I don’t have （ ）books.
③Do you have ( )books? 你有一些书吗？
2) 在表示请求、建议、征求意见等委婉语气的疑问句中，用some而不用any。
①Can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西到学校吗？
②Would you like ( ) apples? 你想要一些苹果吗？
5. let’s do sth. “（让）我们做某事吧。”表示建议。(let’s = let us)
肯定回答一般用That sounds good.（那听起来很好）/OK.好的 / All right.好的 / Great.好极了/ Good idea. 好主意；否定回答一般用sorry, I．．．
1) 让我们上学去吧。好的。
2）我们打乒乓球吧。对不起，我有许多家庭作业要做。
let sb. do sth. 让某人作某事
1）让他踢足球。
2）让汤姆回家吧。
6. like 喜欢 1）like sb. / sth.喜欢某人/某物
2) like to do sth.喜欢/想要做某事（表一次性或特指的某一具体的动作）
3) like doing sth喜欢做某事（表习惯性的动作或爱好）
①我喜欢每天打篮球。I like playing basketball every day.
②今天很冷，我喜欢呆在家里。Today is cold, I like to stay at home.
7. want to be… “想要成为……；想要变得……”，动词be后接形容词或名词。
Do you want to be fat/a teacher? 你想变胖吗？/你想成为老师吗？
want sth 想要某物 1)我想要个苹果。
want to do sth. 想要做某事 2)他想打篮球。
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 3）我想要他帮助我。
8. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物
buy my mother a sweater = buy a sweater for my mother给我妈妈买了件毛衣
△sth若是代词，只能用buy sth. for sb. buy it for him
9. have a good time = enjoy oneself（oneself要随主语的变化而变化） = have fun
They are having a good time. 他们正玩得高兴。
= They are enjoying themselves.= They are having fun.
10. favorite adj.最喜爱的 = like ．．．best.
What’s your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的学科是什么？
=What subject do you like best?
My favorite subject is math. 我最喜欢的学科是数学。
= I like math best.
11. be busy with sth / be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
He is busy writing a letter. 他在忙着写信。
I’m busy with my homework = I’m busy doing my homework 我在忙着做家庭作业。
12.practice doing sth 练习做某事
She often practices playing the piano.她经常练习弹钢琴。
13.finish doing sth做完某事 He finished reading the book.他读完了这本书。
14.need to do sth需要做某事 Tom needs to go home now. Tom现在需要回家。
七年级下册重点知识
1. can(能，会)为情态动词，后跟动词原形。He can sing.
(一般疑问句) Can he sing?Yes,he can.\o,he can’t.
(否定句) He can’t sing.
2. be good at+名词 \\代词\\doing：擅长…，在…方面做得好
He is good at English.他擅长英语。（English为名词）
His brother is good at playing basketball.他的哥哥擅长打篮球。(play为动词)
3. help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人
help sb（to） do sth帮助某人做某事 (二者常常可以互换)
He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语学习方面帮助我。
= He often helps me （to）study English.他经常帮助我学习英语。
4. need sth需要某物 He needs a new pen.他需要一支新钢笔。
need to do sth需要做某事
He needs to help his mother now. 他需要现在去帮助他妈妈。
5. 句型：It takes sb+一段时间+ to do sth:花费某人多少时间做某事
It takes him two hours to do his homework every day.他每天花费两个小时做家庭作业。
对一段时间进行提问用How long,上句的划线提问为：
How long does it take him to do his homework every day?
6. 句型：It’s+形容词 (for sb) to do sth (对某人来说)做某事是怎么样的
It’s important for us to study English well.对我们来说学好英语非常重要。
It’s necessary to have a good eating habit.=To have a good eating habit is necessrry.有好的的饮食习惯是必须的。
若句中形容词描述人的思想品质，则用of sb (形容词:kind,friendly,nice等)
It’s kind of you to help me .你能够帮助我真是太好了。
7. love sb\\sth:爱某人\\某物，喜欢某物\\某人
love to do sth = love doing sth喜欢做某事
He loves computer games very much.他非常喜欢电子游戏。
Tom loves playing basketball.汤姆爱好打篮球。
8. have to(不得不),强调客观因素，后跟动词原形。
must (必须),情态动词，强调主观因素，后跟动词原形。
She has to get up at 6:00 am.她不得不在早晨六点钟起床。 （一般疑问句）
Does she have to get up at 6:00 am ? Yes,she does.\\ No, she doesn’t.
（否定句）She doesn’t have to get up at 6:00 am.她没有必要在早晨六点钟起床。
He must do the homework every day.他必须每天做家庭作业。
Must I do my work now ?
Yes,you must . No ,you needn’t. （must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答用needn’t）
9. keep sb\\sth +形容词:保持某人\\某物怎么样
We must keep our classroom clean.我们必须保持我们教室的干净。
10. have fun 过得高兴，玩得快乐
★ have fun doing sth做某事很快乐
They have fun every day.他们每天过得很快乐。
Tom has fun playing computer games.汤姆打电子游戏很快乐。
11. 句型：There is\\are +某人\\某物+某地\\某时:在某地或某时有某人或某物。
There are five people in my family.在我家里有五口人。（介绍家里有几口人时常用）
若后面的某人或某物为两个或两个以上，用is还是are取决于第一个主语。
区分：There are two pens and one pencil on the desk.在课桌上有两支钢笔和一支铅笔。
There is one pencil and two pens on the desk.在课桌上有一支钢铅笔和两支钢笔。
12. Would you love sth?你想要某物吗？
Would you love to do sth?你想做某事吗？(表示礼貌的请求或邀请,其中love可以换为like)
Would you love sth?你想要某物吗？肯定回答可以说“Yes, please.”，否定回答可以说“No, thanks.（在该句型中不能用any，必须用some，以表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答。）— Would you love some noodles?你想吃些面条吗？
— Yes, please.（是的，我想要。） / No, thanks.（不，谢谢。）
Would you love to do sth?你想做某事吗？
— Would you love to play basketball with me？你愿意和我一起打篮球吗？
回答① --Yes, I’d like\\love to.是的，我非常愿意去。
回答② --I’d love to, but I have to do my homework.我非常愿意去，但是我必须做作业。
回答③ --I’d love to, but I am busy now. 我非常愿意去，但是我现在很忙。
13.wish to do sth希望做某事
Mary wishes to buy a new pen.玛丽希望买只新的钢笔。
补充：wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事
The boy often wishes me to help him to stdy math.这个男孩总是希望我帮助他学习数学。
14. tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事
My mother often tells me not to play computer games.我的妈妈检查告诉我不要玩电脑游戏。
15. have a good/great time doing sth做某事很高兴
They have a good/great time playing basketball.他们打篮球很高兴。
16. right for doing sth做某事正合适
It’s hot today,just right for swimming.今天天气很热，正适合游泳。
17.反义疑问句由陈述句+简短问句构成。如果前面是肯定的，后面用否定形式的问句，如果前面是否定的，后面用肯定形式的问句。
He likes English, doesn’t he?他喜欢英语，不是吗？
They are happy,aren’t they?他们非常高兴，不是吗？
He is watching TV,isn’t he?他正在看电视，不是吗？
回答反义疑问句要遵守一个原则，即无论陈述部分和疑问部分是肯定的还是否定的，肯定回答就用yes,否定回答就用no,不受汉语的干扰。
He doesn’t study Japanese,does he ?他不学日语，是吗？
Yes,he doe s.不，他学日语/No,he doesn’t. 是的，他不学日语。
18. ask sb (not) to do sth叫某人（不要）做某事
My teacher often asks us not to be late.我的老师经常叫我们不要迟到。
My mom asks me to get up early.我的妈妈叫我早起。
19. 人+spend+时间/金钱+（in）doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事
人+spend+时间/金钱+on sth. 某人在某事上花费时间/金钱 （两个句型可互换）
Tom spends two hours (in) doing his homework every day.汤姆每天花费两个小时做家庭作业。 = Tom spends two hours on his homework every day.
20.watch sb. doing sth观看某人正在做某事
I watch him playing basketball.我看见他正在打篮球。
21. enjoy doing sth.=like doing sth喜欢做某事
They enjoy listening to music.他们喜欢听音乐。
22. Is he short or tall？（他是矮还是高？）是选择疑问句。选择疑问句回答不能用Yes或No回答(or译为“或者”,也可译为“还是”)，必须根据具体情况回答。
Is the student a boy or a girl?这个学生是男孩还是女孩？He is a boy.他是男孩。
Do you have a pen or a pencil?你有钢笔还是铅笔？A pen.钢笔。
23. the number of+名词：…的数量（该短语放在句首做主语时，句子动词用单数形式）
The number of students in our class is 50.在我们班学生的数量是无事。（句子主语是number,后面动词用单数形式is）
a number of+名词复数：许多，大量的（该短语放在句首做主语时，句子动词用复数形式）
A number of students have English dictionaries.（许多学生有英语字典。）（句子主语是students,后面动词用复数形式have）
24. teach sb（how） to do sth：教某人（如何）做某事 （teach的过去式为taught）
He often teaches us how to learn English.他经常教我们如何学英语。
25.buy sth for sb=buy sb sth给某人买某物 （buy的过去式为bought）
My mother a pen for me .= My mother me a pen.我的妈妈给我买了一只钢笔。
26. be interested in +名词\\代词\\doing:对……感兴趣
He is interested in math,but he isn't interested in speaking English.他对数学感兴趣，但对说英语不感兴趣。
27. so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于…
He is so young that he can’t go to school.他如此年轻不能去上学。
28.see sb doing sth:看见某人正在做某事
I saw him reading English.我看见他正在读英语。
29.start to do sth=start doing sth:开始做某事
They started to sing.他们开始唱歌了。
30.feel sb doing sth；感觉某人正在做某事
I feel him watching me.我感觉他正在看着我。
八年级上册（1~6）单元重点知识
1. 不定代词和不定副词的用法：
（1）左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词；
（2）一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（no one为两个单词)；every开头的单词强调每一个；
（3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用something，形容词important放后）
Did you buy anything special? （一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后）
Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？
(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)
（4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。
（5）Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。
2. seem to do sth:好像…
I seem to know him.我好像认识他。
seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来…
The work seems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很容易。
3. decide to do sth:决定做某事
He decided to go home.他决定回家。
4.try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.尽力去做某事
The boy tried riding the bicycle.这个小孩试着骑自行车
He tried to help the old man.他尽力帮助这个老年人。
5. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。
too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。
Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。
We have too much work to do.我们有很多工作要做。
Don’t talk too much.不要说太多。
much too 太，后跟形容词或副词
The hat is much too big for me.这帽子对我来说太大了。
You’re walking much too fast.你走地太快了。
6. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词（即动词+ing），不能接句子。
because因为，后跟句子。
He can’t go to school because of the rain.他因为下雨没去上学。（rain为名词）
He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。（get为动词）
= He was late for school because he got up late.
I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.我没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。
7. forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事（已经做完）
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（还未做） (forget的过去式为forgot)
Don’t foget to close the door.不要忘记关上门。（门还未关）
He forgot closing the door.他忘记已经关上门了。（门已经关上，但是他忘了）
8. so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于…
too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能…
形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事（注意三个句型有时可以互换）
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
9. ask sb about sth：问某人某事
My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常问我的学习情况。
10. the (best) way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)方式
The best way to learn English is speaking English.学习英语的最好方法是说英语。
11. such as比如 （后跟名词或名词短语）
for example 例如（后跟句子）
He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他喜欢水果，例如苹果、香蕉等。
He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.他有许多好的方法学习英语，例如，他经常听磁带。
12. 比较级表示最高级常用：比较级 +than +the other+可数名词复数
=比较级+than +any other+可数名词单数（用于一范围内一个与余下进行比较） 例如：
He is the tallest student in our class .（最高级）在我们班他是最高的学生。
= He is taller than any other student in our class.
= He is taller than the other students in our class.在我们班，他比其他的学生高。
（在我们班，他与他之外的其他的同学进行比较）
Shanghai is the biggest city in china.上海是中国最大的城市。
=
=
13. What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你认为...怎么样？
What do you think of the book?你认为这本书怎么样？
It is boring.很无聊。
14. watch sb do sth:看见某人做了某事（= see sb do sth ）
I watched him play basketball yesterday.昨天我看见他打篮球了。
15.比较级 +and+比较级：越来越… （若比较级为：more+形容词原级，则为：more and more+形容词原级）
The buildings are taller and taller.楼房越来越高。
Our school is getting more and more beautiful.我们的学校正在变得越来越漂亮。
16. play a role in (doing) sth:在（做）某事中起作用
He played a role in helping the children.他在帮助这些孩子们中起了一定的作用。
17. enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事
He enjoyed watching cartoons.他喜欢看动画片。
补充：enjoy oneself过地快乐
She enjoyed herself yesterday.昨天她过地很快乐。
18. make sb do sth:让某人做某事
My mother often makes me get up early.我妈妈经常让我早起。
19. mind doing sth:介意做某事
Would you mind opening the door?你介意打开门吗？Of course not.当然不介意。
20. plan to do sth:计划做某事（plan的过去式planned,现在分词planning）
He is planning to visit Beijing.他正在计划访问北京。
21. hope to do sth:希望做某事
He hopes to meet the famous singer.他希望与这位著名歌手见面。
22. expect (sb)to do sth:期待(某人)做某事
He expects his friends to help him.他期待他的朋友们来帮助他。
The girl always expects to meet her favorite actor.这个女孩总是期待与他最喜欢的演员见面。
23.one of +可数名词复数：…之一（该短语放在句首做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式）
One of the students has an English dictionary.这些学生中一个人有英语字典。
24. luck(名词，幸运,运气)—lucky(形容词,幸运的)--（反义词）unlucky (形容词,不幸的) luckily(副词,幸运地) --（反义词）unluckily (副词,不幸地)
25. be ready to do sth乐意做某事
He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。
26.try one＇s best （to do sth）:尽力（做某事）
He often tries his best to help me.他总是尽力帮助我。
27. be going to + 动词原形——表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语或when 引导的时间状语从句连用。
I am going to visit my grandparents this Sunday.这个星期天我打算去看望我的爷爷奶奶。
Are you going to play basketball with me tomorrow?你打算明天和我一起打篮球吗？
What are you going to do when you grow up?你长大了打算干什么？
28. keep on doing sth: 继续做某事
He still keeps on learning English.他仍然继续学习英语。
29. send sb sth = send sth to sb寄\\送给某人某物 （send的过去式为sent）
His grandfather often sends him money.他的爷爷经常给他寄钱。
= His grandfather often sends money to him.
30.learn to do sth学会做某事
He learned to cook when he was five years old.他五岁学会做饭。
31. although(虽然，即使)在句子中不能与but连用，但是可以与yet ,still 连用。
Although he is old ,he is quite strong .他虽然年龄大了，但身体很健壮。
Although it is dark ,they are still working .虽然天黑了，但他们仍在工作。
32. make sb+形容词：让某人怎么样
The good news made us happy.这个好消息让我们非常高兴。（注意：news为不可数名词）
33. “疑问词+不定式”即“疑问词+to do sth”
He didn’t know when to start.他不知道什么时候开始。
He doesn’t know how to turn on the computer.他不知道如何打开电脑。